Michael Mousseau is Professor of International Relations at Koç University in Istanbul. His Ph.D. is from Binghamton University (1998). He is a former Research Fellow at the Belfer Center International Security Program, Harvard University (2005 - 2006); and former Visiting Scholar at the United Nations Studies Program, Yale University (2003), and the Saltzman Institute of War & Peace Studies, Columbia University (2010-2011). Research includes several years of ethnographic study in many regions, including East Africa (1991), the Indian sub-continent (1992), and the Soviet Union (1991). He is the creator of economic norms theory, which identifies how economic conditions can affect a nation's political culture and governing institutions, and how these processes can affect war and peace. To achieve a permanent peace within and between nations, Mousseau advocates that the wealthy countries expend the resources necessary to bring equal and gainful employment for the majority of those living in lesser developed countries. Articles have appeared in Conflict Management and Peace Science, European Journal of International Relations, International Interactions, International Security, International Studies Quarterly, Journal of Conflict Resolution, and Journal of Peace Research.